上世紀，所謂的人類動物園在西歐和美國很常見。 在他們身上，白人富人和成功人士去看了當地人。
So-called human zoos were common in Western Europe and the USA in the last century. In them white rich and successful people went to look at the natives.
Источник: https://fishki.net/4446784-chelovecheskie-zooparki-pozornaja-stranica-istorii.html?from=upd © Fishki.net
看到前景中的菲律賓人了嗎？ 還有柵欄後面那些穿著圓頂禮帽、繫著領帶、穿著擦得鋥亮的鞋子的美國紳士們呢？ 該展覽名為“ 微型世界 ”，於 1906 年在康尼島（紐約）舉辦。 這是同一動物園的另一張紀實照片。 您喜歡這樣一個 “展品”嗎？ 為了不離開而被綁在柱子上的
See the group of Filipinos in the foreground? And the American gentlemen in bowlers, ties and polished shoes behind the fence? The exhibition was called " The World in Miniature " and was held in 1906 in Coney Island (New York). Here is another documentary photo from the same zoo. How do you like such an " exhibit ", which, so as not to leave, was tied to a pole?
來自亞洲、非洲、阿拉斯加和世界其他地區的數千名土著人民，包括婦女和兒童，無論合法與否，都被帶到這樣的人類動物園，用原始人的奇觀來娛樂進步的西方無聊的居民，因此研究人員和歷史學家有著名的描述。
Thousands of indigenous peoples, including women and children, from Asia, Africa, Alaska and other parts of the world, have been legally or not taken to such human zoos to entertain the bored inhabitants of the progressive West with the spectacle of primitive people so famously described by researchers and historians. .
現在他們可以親眼見到他們了。 嗯，這很美，不是嗎？ 你可以向他們扔一根香蕉或一個蘋果，他們會感激地吃掉它，而你紅潤的後代可以向當地人扔一塊石頭，他將一無所獲。
然而，人和動物一樣，人類展覽品通常並不生活在最適合他們的環境中，而且往往生活在惡劣的條件下。 即使他們有裝飾性的小屋或棚屋，冬天也肯定很冷。 但它們必須看起來盡可能地真實，所以一年四季“展覽樣品”都必須穿著他們的傳統服裝。 哪怕只是一條腰帶。
Now they could see them in person. Well, it's a beauty, isn't it?! You can throw a banana or an apple at them and they will eat it with gratitude, and your rosy-cheeked offspring can throw a stone at a native and he will get nothing at all for it.
Often people-exhibits, however, like animals, did not live in the most favorable for them, and often in harsh conditions. Even if they had decorative huts or wigwams, they were certainly cold in winter. But they must look as authentic as possible, so all year round the "exhibition pieces" had to wear their traditional clothes. Even if it's just a loincloth.
此外，與只能在圍欄裡睡覺的動物不同，展出的人需要做一些事情來娛樂公眾。 打鬥、喊叫、跳舞、唱歌、潛水等。 因為白人紳士對看熟睡的黑人、印第安人或愛斯基摩人不感興趣。
In addition, unlike the same animals that can just sleep in their enclosure, the exhibited people needed to do something for the amusement of the public. Fight, shout, dance, sing, dive, etc. Because white gentlemen are not interested in looking at a sleeping Negro, Indian or Eskimo.
有些甚至展示了雜技研究，就像這些在受歡迎的漢堡動物園“ 哈根貝克 ”中的印度人：
Some even showed acrobatic studies, like these Indians in the popular Hamburg zoo " Hagenbeck ":
但一群埃塞俄比亞人小時候被帶到同一個德國動物園，他們和斑馬一起坐在畜欄裡。 就像在非洲的家一樣，是的。
But a group of Ethiopians, who were taken as children to the same German zoo, sat in a corral right with zebras. Like at home in Africa, yeah.
這些人生活在不同的動物園裡，有的在監獄裡，有的在監獄外，然而，如果你的家在另一個大陸，你根本無處可逃。
These people lived in different zoos, both in prison and without, however, if your home is on another continent, you simply have nowhere to run.
漢堡動物園的創始人卡爾·哈根貝克在回憶錄中強調：
“我很榮幸成為文明世界第一個呈現這些多種族表演的人。”
而在他之後，布魯塞爾、巴塞羅那、倫敦、米蘭、馬德里、科隆、紐約等一些歐美城市都有人類動物園。 以下是著名的巴黎動物園“ Jardin d'acclimatation ”的一些照片：
Источник: https://fishki.net/4446784-chelovecheskie-zooparki-pozornaja-stranica-istorii.html?from=upd © Fishki.net
In his memoirs, the founder of the zoo in Hamburg, Karl Hagenbeck, emphasized:
“I was honored to be the first in the civilized world to present these multi-racial shows.”
And after him there were human zoos in Brussels, Barcelona, London, Milan, Madrid, Cologne, New York and some other European and American cities. Below are some shots from the popular Parisian zoo " Jardin d'acclimatation ":
對於其中的人們來說，最先進和最安全的動物園之一被認為是馬德里動物園“ 麗池 ”。 1887年，在一座 的巨大豪華溫室 名為 “水晶宮” 裡，熱帶植物叢中，居住著43名伊戈羅人（菲律賓）及其牲畜。
公園的組織者在宮殿旁邊搭建了竹屋，並挖了一個小池塘，將魚放入其中。 活生生的展覽本應該讓她受到西班牙人欽佩的目光。
One of the most progressive and safest for the people contained in it, was considered the Madrid zoo " Retiro ". There, in a huge and luxurious greenhouse called the Crystal Palace , among tropical plants in 1887, 43 people of the Igorot people (Philippines), as well as their livestock, were settled.
Near the palace, the organizers of the park arranged bamboo dwellings and dug a small pond, into which they launched fish. Living exhibits were supposed to catch her under the admiring glances of the Spaniards.
據悉，相對於其他此類公園，雷蒂羅的死亡率相當低。 四十三個伊戈羅人中只有四個人因條件惡劣而死亡。 他們還被非常邀請去巴黎巡演，但馬德里老闆擔心不是每個人都會回到西班牙而拒絕了。
順便說一句，網上流傳著幾張照片，據說聖彼得堡也有一個帶著人的巡迴“動物園”。 這是其中之一：
It is reported that Retiro, relative to other such parks, had a quite low mortality rate. Only four out of forty-three Igorots died due to unfavorable conditions. And they were also very much invited on tour to Paris, but the Madrid owners were afraid that not everyone would return to Spain and refused.
By the way, there are several photos circulating on the Internet, where it is stated that a certain touring "menagerie" with people was also in St. Petersburg. Here is one of them:
不過，讓我們比較一下這兩個鏡頭：
However, let's compare the two shots:
Источник: https://fishki.net/4446784-chelovecheskie-zooparki-pozornaja-stranica-istorii.html?from=upd © Fishki.net
德文簽名翻譯如下：
“第一屆國際狩獵展覽會，維也納，1910 年。非洲獵人村（埃塞俄比亞）”
並沒有“ 索馬里村 看完下面這個展覽的一系列照片，你會發現在聖彼得堡的月神公園裡 ”。 這是明顯的假貨，但是誰、為什麼以及何時推出的卻不得而知。
The German signature translates as follows:
"First international hunting exhibition, Vienna 1910. African hunters village (Ethiopia)"
And after viewing a series of photographs from this exhibition below, you will see that in St. Petersburg there was no " village of Somalia " in the Luna Park. This is an obvious fake, but who, why and when launched it is unknown.
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
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| 照片：Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net Photo: Clemens Radauer / voelkerschau.net |
順便說一下，這是給你的德國海報：
By the way, here is the German poster for you:
一些歷史學家（順便說一下，西方歷史學家）認為，這種“ 娛樂 ”場所開始關閉根本不是因為人類突然覺醒。 不，只是大蕭條削弱了公民的收入，他們開始減少自娛自樂。 維護資產負債表上的整個“部落”花費了公園所有者一大筆錢。
當然，“展品”的進一步命運沒有報導。
Some historians (by the way, Western ones) believe that such " entertainment " establishments began to close not at all for reasons of suddenly awakened humanity. No, it's just that the Great Depression crippled the incomes of citizens and they began to entertain themselves much less often. And the maintenance of entire "tribes" on the balance sheet cost the owner of the park a pretty penny.
The further fate of the "exhibits", of course, is not reported.
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